Abacus of collapse mechanisms of churches, lines of vulnerability, San Salvatore a Campi, Perugia, Italy

Fig.17-b-3b_collapse mechanism in the plane of the facade

Remains of fortifications in Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Remains of fortifications in Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Excavation work, Madinat al-Far

Excavation work, Madinat al-Far

Northern towers from inside the North Gate, Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Northern towers from inside the North Gate, Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Remains of wall foundations, Kharab Sayyar

Remains of wall foundations, Kharab Sayyar

A view of the walls and the castle, Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

A view of the walls and the castle, Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Stucco panels on the walls of an Abbasid building in Kharab Sayyar

Stucco panels on the walls of an Abbasid building in Kharab Sayyar

Aerial view of war damage in ancient city of Aleppo by drone

Fig.01_Drone photograph showing damage in Aleppo

Kharab Shams, view from south at church ruin, 4th/6th century CE

Kharab Shams, view from south at church ruin, 4th/6th century CE

Excavation of Abbasid ruins in Kharab Sayyar

Excavation of Abbasid ruins in Kharab Sayyar

Plan of (dome) Qubbat as-Sayyar on Qasyun mountain

Plan of (dome) Qubbat as-Sayyar on Qasyun mountain

Sheep grazing on the ruins of Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Sheep grazing on the ruins of Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Remains of fortifications along the Euphrates River, Halabiyya

Remains of fortifications along the Euphrates River, Halabiyya

Remains of walls in Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Remains of walls in Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Stucco decorations in situ, Kharab Sayyar

Stucco decorations in situ, Kharab Sayyar

Shaykh Anas shrine - al-Tar mountain south-east of al-Mayadeen - the dome from the inside

Shaykh Anas shrine – al-Tar mountain south-east of al-Mayadeen – the dome from the inside

Loopholes in the fortifications of Halabiyya

Loopholes in the fortifications of Halabiyya

Remains of fortifications in Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Remains of fortifications in Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Halabiyya, remains of fortifications and the praetorium

Halabiyya, remains of fortifications and the praetorium

Inner face of the southern walls of Halabiyya, tower 3

Inner face of the southern walls of Halabiyya, tower 3

Remains of arches in Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Remains of arches in Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

A view of the fortification, Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

A view of the fortification, Halabiyya-Zalabiyya

Fortification of Halabiyya

Fortification of Halabiyya

View of Dahiyat as-Salihiyya at-Tarikhiyya from al-ʿAfif area

View of Dahiyat as-Salihiyya at-Tarikhiyya from al-ʿAfif area

Palm trees in Palmyra oasis

Palm trees in Palmyra oasis

Relief with vine tendrils

Relief with vine tendrils

Salkhad - The Ayyubid minaret

Salkhad – The Ayyubid minaret

View over city, Jamiʿ Halab al-Kabir

View over city, Jamiʿ Halab al-Kabir

Palm groves

Palm groves

Tourist camels, Palmyra

Tourist camels, Palmyra